Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Behera, Rudra Prasad
- Khalkattapatna Port:The Lost Archaeological Heritage of Odisha, East Coast of India
Abstract Views :197 |
PDF Views:101
Authors
Sila Tripati
1,
R. Mani Murali
1,
Jaya Kumar Seelam
1,
Atula Kumar Pradhan
2,
Rudra Prasad Behera
1,
Richa Choudhury
1
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 MGM Museum, Civil Lines, Raipur 492 001, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 MGM Museum, Civil Lines, Raipur 492 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 372-377Abstract
The history of Odisha, lying on the east coast of India, is well documented from the Stone Age onwards. The evidences suggest that the ports of Odisha had contacts with the Arabs, Mediterranean countries and South Asia, as well as Southeast Asian countries. Khalkattapatna, a medieval port located on the banks of River Kushabhadra was discovered by archaeological excavations which suggest that between the 13th and 15th centuries it flourished and had contacts with Arabia and China, in addition to other countries. During recent explorations, a number of terracotta ring wells, stamped pottery, Chinese and celadon ware sherds, bricks and brickbats, and terracotta beads were found on the riverbank and in the waters of River Kushabhadra because of erosion of the north bank of the river. Remote sensing images of this region from 1977 to 2014 were analysed to delineate the river mouth and its course. Google Earth images of 2003 and 2011 were also referred to for an understanding of the migration of the northern bank of River Kushabhadra. This note describes the present state of the Khalkattapatna port, causes of erosion, change of north bank of the river course and its consequences.Full Text
- Did Romans Have Direct Maritime Trade Contacts with Odisha on the Eastern Indian Littoral?
Abstract Views :241 |
PDF Views:72
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 8 (2019), Pagination: 1391-1397Abstract
Kalinga, Utkal, Odra and Orissa are former names of the present state of Odisha with varied geographical boundaries in different periods of history. The exploration and excavations of Manikapatna, Palur, Radhanagar, Sisupalgarh, Talapada of Odisha have brought to light terracotta Roman bullae with Roman portraits, lamps, amphorae shreds and rouletted ware which suggested that these findings belong to the Roman period (early centuries of Christian era) and Roman mariners had maritime contacts with Odisha from the early historical period onwards, if not earlier. However, it is evident that Roman artefacts such as gold coins, amphorae, Terra Sigillata (Arretine ware), etc., are more abundant in peninsular India than in the rest of the country and these findings are limited in Odisha, but the reasons are not comprehensible. However, archaeological findings from the port and trade centres delineate maritime contacts of Odisha with Southeast Asian countries. Here we discuss the archaeological findings from the port sites of Odisha to understand the maritime contacts with Southeast Asian countries and the Roman Empire and examine why the Roman findings are comparatively less in Odisha than in peninsular and other parts of India.Keywords
Odisha, Maritime Trade, Ports, Romans, Southeast Asia.Full Text
References
- Behera, K. S. (ed.), Kalinga–Indonesian Cultural Relations, OIMSEAS, Bhubaneswar, 2007.
- Behera, K. S. (ed.), Maritime Heritage of India, Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 1999.
- Patra, B., Maritime Trade and Overseas Activities of Early India Odishan Perspective, Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 2013.
- Tripati, S., Maritime Archaeology: Historical Descriptions of the Seafarings of the Kalingas, Kaveri Books, New Delhi, 2000.
- Tripati, S., Early maritime activities of Orissa on the east coast of India: Linkages in trade and cultural developments. Man Environ., 2002, 27, 117–126.
- Ghosh, A. (ed.), An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi, 1989, vol. 1, pp. 251–255.
- Roy, T. N., A Study of Northern Black Polished Ware Culture, Ramanand Vidya Bhawan, New Delhi, 1986.
- Roy, T. N., The Ganges Civilization, Ramanand Vidya Bhawan, New Delhi, 1983.
- Verma, G. and Yadav, R., Dating of Northern black polished ware culture in the light of recent excavations. In Pura-Jagat, Indian Archaeology, History and Culture in Honour of Shri Late J. P. Joshi (eds Margabandhu, C. et al.), Bharatiya Kala Prakashan, Delhi, 2012, pp. 178–181.
- Coningham, R., Manuel, M. and Shoebridge, J., Reconstructing networks of trade and exchange in the Indian Ocean during the early historic period: Case studies from Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka). In Imperial Rome, Indian Ocean Regions and Muziris (ed. Mathew, K. S.), Manohar Publishers, New Delhi, 2015, pp. 31–52.
- Sarma, I. K., Indian seafaring traditions: archaeological perspectives. In An Integrated Approach to Marine Archaeology (ed. Rao, S. R.), Society for Marine Archaeology, NIO, Goa, 1997, pp. 95–101.
- Sarma, I. K., Ceramics and maritime routes of India: new evidence. Puratattava, 1990–91, 21, 37–42.
- Coningham, R., Beyond and before the Imperial Frontiers: Early historic Sri Lanka and the origins of Indian Ocean trade. Man Environ., 2002, 27, 99–108.
- Manatunga, A., The first urbanisation of Sri Lanka: an investigation into nagara sites referred to in the early Brahmi inscriptions. Bull. Indo-Pacific Prehistory, 1997, 16, 49–55.
- Parker, H., Ancient Ceylon, Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, 1984.
- Jahan, S. H., Archaeology of Wari-Bateshwar. Ancient Asia, 2010, 2, 135–146.
- Jahan, S. H., Early maritime trade network of Bengal. Man Environ., 2002, 27, 127–138.
- Ardika, I. W., Ancient trade relation between India and Indonesia. In Maritime Heritage of India (ed. Behera, K. S.), Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 1999, pp. 80–89.
- Bouvet, P., Preliminary study of Indian and Indian style wares from Khao Sam Kaeo (Chumphon, Peninsular Thailand), FourthSecond Centuries BCE. In Early Interactions between South and Southeast Asia: Reflections on Cross-Cultural Exchange (eds Manguin, P. Y., Mani, A. and Wade, G.), ISEAS, Singapore, 2011, pp. 47–82.
- Avanzini, A. (ed.), Along the Aroma and Spice Routes. The Harbour of Sumhuram, its Territory and the Trade between the Mediterranean, Arabia and India, Pontedera, Pisa, 2011.
- Avanzini, A., The port of Sumhuram (KhorRori): New data on its history. In Imperial Rome, Indian Ocean Regions and Muziris (ed. Mathew, K. S.), Manohar Publishers, New Delhi, 2015, pp. 179–205.
- Pavan, A., Trade and commercial routes along the Indian Ocean from the early centuries BC to the beginning of Christian era: new lights from the Indian pottery discovered at Sumhuram (Sultanate of Oman). In South Arabia and its Neighbours: Phenomena of Intercultural Contacts (ed. Gerlach, I.), Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2015, pp. 121–134.
- Pavan, A. and Schenk, H., Crossing the Indian Ocean before the Periplus: a comparison of pottery assemblages at the sites of Sumhuram (Oman) and Tissamaharama (Sri Lanka). Arabian Archa. Epigra., 2012, 23, 191–202.
- Schenk, H., Role of ceramics in the Indian Ocean maritime trade during the Early Historical Period. In Maritime Contacts of the Past Deciphering Connections amongst Communities (ed. Tripati, S.), Delta Book World, New Delhi, 2015, pp. 143–181.
- Schenk, H., The dating and historical value of rouletted ware. Zeitschrift fur Archaologie Au Bereuropaischer Kulturen, 2006, 1, 123–152.
- Tomber, R., Indian fine wares from the Red Sea coast of Egypt. Man Environ., 2002, 27, 25–31.
- Sidebotham, S. E., Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route, University of California Press, California, 2011.
- Rajan, K., Early Writing System – A Journey from Graffiti to Brahmi, Pandya Nadu Centre for Historical Research, Madurai, 2015.
- Lal, B. B., Sisupalgarh 1948: an early historical fort in Eastern India. Ancient India, 1949, 5, 62–105.
- IAR, Indian Archaeology: A Review, Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi, 1956–57, pp. 30–31.
- Ghosh, A. (ed.), An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi, 1989, vol. 2, pp. 412–414.
- Mohanty, R. K., Smith, M. L. and Matney, T., Excavations and Geophysical survey at the Early Historic town Talapada, Odisha (2013). Man Environ., 2014, 39, 53–63.
- Patnaik, S. K., Excavations at Radhanagar (Kanika), An Early Historical Buddhist Site, Odishan Institute of Maritime and Southeast Asian Studies, Bhubaneswar, 2015.
- Mishra, B., Theoretical aspects of early historic urbanism vis-à-vis the early urban centres of Orissa. In Settlement and Urbanization in Ancient Orissa (eds Mishra, B. and Dandasena, P. K.), Indological Book Seller, Kolkata, 2010, pp. 51–76.
- Glover, I. C., The role of India in the late Prehistory of Southeast Asia. J. Southeast Asian Arch., 1998, 18, 21–49.
- Glover, I. C., Early trade between India and Southeast Asia: a link in the development of a world trading system. Occasional Paper No. 16, The University of Hull, London, 1990, pp. 1–45.
- Srinivasan, S., High tin bronze working in India, the bowl makers of Kerala. In Archaeometallurgy in India (ed. Tripathi, V.), Sharada Publishing House, New Delhi, 1998, pp. 241–250.
- Glover, I. C. and Bellina, B., Ban Don Ta Phet and Khao Sam Kaeo: The earliest Indian contacts re-assessed. In Early Interactions between South and Southeast Asia: Reflections on CrossCultural Exchange (eds Manguin, P. Y., Mani, A. and Wade, G.), ISEAS, Singapore, 2011, pp. 17–46.
- Glover, I. C. and Bennett, A., The high-tin in bronzes of Thailand. In Scientific Research into Ancient Asian Metallurgy, Proceedings of the Fifth Forbes Symposium, Freer Gallery of Art at the Freer Gallery (eds Paul, J., McCarthy, B. and Douglas, J. G.), Archetype Books, London, 2012, pp. 101–114.
- Begley, V., Arikamedu reconsidered. Am. J. Archa., 1983, 87, 461–481.
- Wheeler, R. E. M., Ghosh, A. and Deva, K., Arikamedu: An IndoRoman trading station on the East coast of India. Ancient India, 1946, 2, 17–124.
- Rao, K. P., Early trade and contacts between South India and Southeast Asia (300 BC–AD 200). East West, 2001, 51, 386–394.
- Reddy, P. K. M., Maritime trade of early South India new archaeological evidences from Motupalli, Andhra Pradesh. East West, 2001, 51, 143–156.
- Rao, K. P., Kottapatnam – a South Indian Port trading with Eastern lands. In Search of Chinese Ceramic Sherds in South India and Sri Lanka (ed. Karashima, N.), Taisho University Press, Tokyo, 2004, pp. 11–15.
- Tomber, R., Beyond western India: The evidence from imported amphorae. In Migration, Trade and Peoples, Part I: Indian Ocean Commerce and the Archaeology of Western India (eds Tomber, R., Blue, L. and Abraham, S.), The British Association for South Asian Studies, London, 2010, pp. 42–57.
- Tomber, R. and Williams, D. F., Egyptian amphorae in Britain and the western provinces. Britannia, 2000, 31, 41–54.
- Tomber, R., Indo-Roman Trade from Pots to Pepper, Duckworth, London, 2008.
- Tomber, R., Indo-Roman trade: the ceramic evidence from Egypt. Antiquity, 2000, 74, 624–631.
- Gurumurthy, S., Ceramic Traditions in South India, Madras University Press, Madras, 1981.
- Turner, P. J., Roman Coins from India, Special Publication No. 22, Royal Numismatic Society, London, 1989.
- Sridhar, T. S., Suresh, S. and Sundararajan, N., Roman Coins in the Government Museum, Chennai, 2011.
- Pradhan, D., Manikapatna Excavations (1989–1993): Cultural affinities of Southeast Asia through archaeological evidences. In Kalinga–Indonesian Cultural Relations (ed. Behera, K. S.), OIMSEAS, Bhubaneswar, 2007, pp. 71–95.
- Acharya, P., Studies in Orissan History, Archaeology and Archives, Student’s Store, Cuttack, 1969.
- Warmington, E. H., The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 1974.
- Harinarayana, N., The Treasure Trove Act and the Government Museum, Madras. In Museum and Museology: New Horizons (Essays in honour of Dr Grace Morley on her 80th Birthday (eds Dwivedi, V. P. and Pant, G. N.), Agam Kala Prakashan, New Delhi, 1980, pp. 275–280.
- Pradhan, D., Mohanty, P. and Mishra, J., Manikapatna: an ancient and medieval port on the coast of Orissa. In Archaeology of Orissa (eds Basa, K. K. and Mohanty, P.), Pratibha Prakashan, New Delhi, 2000, pp. 473–494.
- Tripati, S., Mani Murali, R., Jaya Kumar, S., Pradhan, A. K., Behera, R. P. and Choudhury, R., Khalkattapatna port: the lost archaeological heritage of Odisha, east coast of India. Curr. Sci., 2015, 109, 372–377.
- Sengupta, G., Archaeology of coastal Bengal. In Tradition and Archaeology Early Maritime Contacts in the Indian Ocean (eds Ray, H. P. and Salles, J. F.), Manohar, New Delhi, 1996, pp. 115–127.
- Gangopadhyay, K., Selvakumar, V. and Maiti, A., A short note on an unique Early Medieval Aqaba Amphora from coastal East Medinipur District, West Bengal. J. Asiatic Soc., 2017, 59, 109–124.
- Casson, L., The Periplus Maris Erythraei, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1989.
- Schoff, W. H., Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Oriental Books, New Delhi, 1974.
- McCrindle, J. W., Ancient India as Described in Classical Literature, Eastern Book House, Patna, 1987.
- Chemical composition of Low Moor and Walker Company cannons in the Odisha State Maritime Museum, east coast of India
Abstract Views :211 |
PDF Views:82
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 Department of Archaeology, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar 751 014, IN
3 Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Pune 411 005, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 Department of Archaeology, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar 751 014, IN
3 Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Pune 411 005, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 122, No 8 (2022), Pagination: 965-973Abstract
Cannons are military or civil weapons supported on carriages or fixed mounts and used in warfare as well as against rebellions. Now, most of the cannons are exhibited in museums, forts, public and private buildings, and open places. Moreover, historical documents provide information on different types of forge-welded or cast cannons, which were manufactured both in India and abroad. Like in other museums, six iron cannons are housed at the Odisha State Maritime Museum, Cuttack, Odisha, India. Among them, two Low Moor (LM) cannons are displayed at the museum’s main entrance, one LM and a Walker Company (WC) cannon are exhibited adjacent to the dockyard located in the museum, and two smaller cannons are displayed in the museum gallery. Similarly, two LM and two WC cannons are displayed at Residency, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, which were deployed during the First War of India’s independence in 1857. None of the LM and WC cannons has displayed a considerable degree of corrosion despite their exposure to the open environment for a long duration. Electron microscopy studies of the LM and WC cannons of the Odisha State Maritime Museum were carried out to ascertain corrosion and decay. This study deals with the results of chemical analysis of the LM and WC cannons, emphasizing the fact that the corrosion rate of these cannons is significantly less than other cannons of India.Keywords
Cannons, chemical analysis, corrosion rate, decay, museums.Full Text
References
- Partington, J. R., A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder, John Hopkins, Baltimore, USA, 1999.
- Dodsworth, C., Low Moor Ironworks, Bradford. Indus. Archaeol., 1971, 18, 122–164.
- Day, L. and McNeil, I. (eds), Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology, Routledge, London, UK, 2013.
- Gray, E., Nineteenth-century torpedoes and their inventors. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, 2004.
- Tallis, J., History and Description of the Crystal Palace: and the Exhibition of the World’s Industry in 1851, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2011.
- Kinglake, A. W., The Invasion of the Crimea: Its Origin, and an Account of its Progress down to the Death of Lord Raglan, William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh & London, UK, 1863.
- Troubetzkoy, A. S., A Brief History of the Crimean War, Constable and Robinson, London, UK, 2006.
- MacLeod, I. D. and Steyne, H., Managing a Monitor – the case of HMVS Cerberus in Port Phillip Bay: integration of corrosion measurements with site management strategies. Conserv. Manage Archaeol. Sites, 2011, 13, 334–361.
- Moss, M., From cannon to steam propulsion: the origins of Clyde marine engineering. Mar Mirror, 2012, 98, 467–488.
- Corbett, J. S., The Campaign of Trafalgar, Longmans, Green and Co, London, UK, 1910.
- Goodwin, P., The influence of iron in ship construction: 1660 to 1830. Mar. Mirror, 1998, 84, 26–40.
- Webb, J. R., Corbett and the campaign of Trafalgar: naval operations in their strategic context. Def. Stud., 2008, 8, 157–179.
- Roy, A., Trafalgar: the Biography of a Battle, Little Brown, London, UK, 2004.
- Lewis, S. (ed.), Topographical dictionaries (Lewis) (Gazetteers and dictionaries) of England, Institute of Historical Research, London, UK, 1848.
- Aberg, A., Saving the victory. Mar. Mirror, 2005, 91, 359–361.
- McKay, J., The 100-Gun Ship Victory, Anova Books Ltd, London, UK, 2000.
- Eastland, J. and Ballantyne, I., HMS Victory – First Rate 1765, Seaforth Publishing, Barnsley, UK, 2011.
- Winfield, R., British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates, Seaforth Publishing, Barnsley, UK, 2008.
- Brown, R. R., Abroad with the walkers – from Rotherham to Rio de Janeiro. ICOMAM Mag., 2009, 2, 28–29.
- Beams, J., Memoirs of a Bengal Civilian, Chatto & Windus Ltd, London, UK, 1961.
- Sahoo, A. K., Odisha State Maritime Museum at Jobra, Cuttack – a milestone in the maritime heritage of the nation. Odisha Rev., 2013, 12, 80–84.
- Das Mohapatra, L., Jobra Museum: a gateway to Odisha’s maritime past. In Scripting History Together – 74th Indian History Congress, Souvenir, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 2013, pp. 103–106.
- Menon, K. G., The Residency, Lucknow, Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi, 2003.
- Tiwari, A. K., A Glimpse of the Monumental Heritage of Lucknow, Archaeological Survey of India, Lucknow, 2007.
- Deshpande, P. P., Mohanty, R. K. and Shinde, V. S., An early evidence of hardening and subsequent tempering from megalithic sites, Maharashtra, Indian. Transact. Indain Inst. Met., 2011, 64, 461–464.
- Deo, S. B. and Jamkhedkar, A. P. (eds), Naikund Excavations 1978–80, Department of Archaeology and Museums, Government of Maharashtra and Deccan College, Pune, 1982.
- Deshpande, P. P., Mohanty, R. K. and Shinde, V. S., Metallographical studies of a steel chisel found at Mahurjhari, Vidarbha, Maharashtra. Curr. Sci., 2010, 99, 636–639.
- Srinivasan, S. and Ranganathanm, S., India’s Legendary Wootz Steel – An Advanced Material of the Ancient World, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur, 2004.
- Ranganathan, S. and Srinivasan, S., A tale of wootz steel. Resonance, 2006, 45, 67–77.
- Sarkar, J., A History of Jaipur, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1984.
- Khan, I. G., Metallurgy in medieval India – the case of the iron cannon. Proc. Indian Hist. Congress, 1984, 45, 464–471.
- Beatson, A., An Account of the Origins and Conduct of the War with Tipu Sultan, W. Bulmer and Co. Cleveland-Row, London, 1800.
- Balasubramaniam, R., Development of cannon technology in India. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 2005, 40, 503–538.
- Khan, I. A., Gunpowder and Firearms: Warfare in Medieval India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2004.
- Neogi, P., Iron in ancient India. The Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Calcutta, 1914, pp. 32–40.
- Joshi, S. D., History of Metal Founding on the Indian Sub-continent since Ancient Times, Joshi Publishers, Ranchi, 1970.
- Balasubramaniam, R., The Saga of Indian Cannons, Aryan Book International, New Delhi, 2008.
- Deshpande, P. P., Joshi, S. and Kadgaonkar, S., Catalogue of forge welded iron cannons in western Maharashtra. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 2011, 46, 683–693.
- Ambekar, A., Portuguese and their Artillery in India – Goa, Vasantrao Dempo Foundation and Education Trust, Panaji, 2015.
- Ambekar, A., Pande, R. and Garge, T. M., Cannon from the Western Coast of India, Manda and Narayan Bandekar Charitable Trust, Vasco da Gama, 2015.
- Ambekar, A., Pande, R. and Garge, T. M., Diu Cannons and Fortifications, Azzaro Resorts and Spa, Diu, 2016.
- Pouchou J. L. and Pichoir, F., Quantitative analysis of homogeneous or stratified micro volumes applying the model ‘PAP’. In Electron Probe Quantification (eds Heinrich, K. F. J. and Newbury, D. E.), Plenum Press, New York, USA, 1991, pp. 31–75.
- Mahdavinejad, R. A., Prediction of cannon barrel life. J. Achieve. Mater. Manufact. Eng., 2008, 30, 11–18.
- Calister’s Materials Science and Engineering, Adapted by R. Balasumbramaniam, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2014, 2nd edn.
- Irvine, W., The Army of the Indian Moghuls, Eurasia Publishing House, New Delhi, 2004.
- Anderson, C., The transportation of Narain Sing: punishment, honour and identity from the Anglo-Sikh wars to the great revolt. Mod. Asian Stud., 2010, 44, 1115–1145.
- Naravane, M. S., Battles of the Honourable East India Company, A.P.H. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 2014.
- Brown, R. R., Identifying 18th-century trunnion marks on British iron guns: a discussion. Int. J. Naut. Archaeol., 1989, 18, 321–329.
- Brown, R. R., What’s under the crud? A guide to uncovering European cast-iron cannons. ICOMAM Mag., 2011, 8, 56–61.
- Garrett, R. J., The Defences of Macau: Forts, Ships and Weapons over 450 Years, Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong, 2010.
- Garrett, R. J., Cannons at the Monte Fort, Macao. Rev. Cult., 2007, 22, 94–103.
- Inherit, Heritage Council Victoria, Victoria, 2011, 49, 1–6.
- McConnell, D., British Smooth Bore Artillery: a technological Study to Support Identification, Acquisition, Restoration, Reproduction, and Interpretation of Artillery at National Historic Parks in Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Environment Canada, Parks 68, Canada, 1988.